These are values representative for vegetables collected from across the country; precise values will vary somewhat between regions.
|
Raw Vegetable |
Scientific name |
Calcium content, |
Total weight |
| Alfalfa sprouts | Medicago sativa |
10 |
33 |
| Arrowhead | Sagittaria latifolia |
1.0 |
10 |
| Asparagus | Asparagus officinalis |
28 |
134 |
| Mung bean sprouts | Vigna radiata |
13 |
104 |
| Snap beans (green or yellow) |
Phaseolus vulgaris |
41 |
110 |
| Beet greens | Beta vulgaris |
46 |
38 |
| Borage | Borago officinalis |
83 |
89 |
| Broccoli | Brassica oleracea | ||
| Florets | (Botrytis Group) |
34 |
71 |
| Leaves |
24 |
50 |
|
| Stalks |
40 |
85 |
|
| Whole plant |
42 |
88 |
|
| Cabbage, green | Brassica oleracea (Capitata Group) |
42 |
89 |
| Cabbage, red | Brassica oleracea (Capitata Group) |
45 |
89 |
| Chinese cabbage, pak choi | Brassica rapa (Chinensis Group) |
74 |
70 |
| Chinese cabbage, pe-tsai | Brassica rapa (Pekinensis Group) |
58 |
76 |
| Savoy cabbage | Brassica oleracea (Capitata Group) |
24 |
70 |
| Carrots | Daucus carota | ||
| Chopped |
34 |
||
|
128 |
|||
| Grated |
30 |
110 |
|
| Strips or Slices |
33 |
122 |
|
| Cauliflower | Brassica oleracea (Botrytis Group) |
22 |
100 |
| Celeriac | Apium graveolens |
68 |
154 |
| Celery | Apium graveolens | ||
| Diced |
48 |
120 |
|
| Strips |
50 |
124 |
|
| Chard, Swiss | Beta vulgaris (Cicla Group) |
18 |
36 |
| Chicory Greens | Cichorium intybus |
180 |
180 |
| Chives (per tablespoon) | Allium schoenoprasum |
2 |
3 |
| Collard Greens | Brassica oleracea (Acephala Group) |
52 |
36 |
| Coriander (cilantro) |
30 |
46 |
|
| Cress, Garden | Lepidium sativum |
40 |
50 |
| Dandelion Greens | Taraxacum officinale |
103 |
55 |
| Dock | Rumex spp. |
58 |
133 |
| Eggplant | Solanum malongena |
5.7 |
82 |
| Endive | Cichorium endivia |
26 |
50 |
| Jerusalem Artichoke | Helianthus tuberosus |
21 |
155 |
| Kale | Brassica oleracea (Acephala Group) |
90 |
67 |
| Kale, Scotch | Brassica napus (Pabularia Group) |
137 |
37 |
| Kohlrabi | Brassica oleracea (Gongylodes Group |
32 |
135 |
| Lambsquarter | Chenopodium album |
309 |
100 |
| Lettuce, Butterhead | Lactuca sativa |
18 |
55 |
| Lettuce, Cos, Romaine | Lactuca sativa |
20 |
56 |
| Lettuce, Iceberg | Lactuca sativa |
10 |
55 |
| Lettuce, Looseleaf | Lactuca sativa |
38 |
56 |
| Mustard Greens | Brassica juncea |
58 |
56 |
| Mustard Spinach | Brassica rapa (Perviridis Group) |
315 |
150 |
| New Zeland Spinach | Tetragonia tetragonioides |
32 |
56 |
| Okra | Abelmoschus esculentus |
81 |
100 |
| Parsley | Petroselinum crispum |
83 |
60 |
| Parsnips | Pastinaca sativa |
47 |
133 |
| Peas, Edible Pods | Pisum sativum | ||
| Chopped |
42 |
98 |
|
| Whole |
27 |
63 |
|
| Peas, Green | Pisum sativum |
36 |
145 |
| Peppers, Sweet (red,green,yellow) |
Capsicum annuum |
13 |
149 |
| Pumpkin | Cucurbita spp. | ||
| Canned |
64 |
245 |
|
| Flesh |
24 |
116 |
|
| Flowers |
13 |
39 |
|
| Leaves |
15 |
39 |
|
| Purslane | Portulaca oleracea |
28 |
|
|
43 |
|||
| Radishes | Raphanus sativus |
28 |
116 |
| Radish Seed Sprouts | Raphanus sativus |
19 |
38 |
| Rutabagas | Brassica napus (Napobrassica Group) |
66 |
140 |
| Salsify | Tragopogon porrifolius |
80 |
133 |
| Spinach | Spinacia oleracea |
30 |
30 |
| Squash | Cucurbita spp. | ||
| Summer |
23 |
113 |
|
| Winter |
36 |
116 |
|
| Zucchini |
23 |
110 |
|
| Turnips | Brassica rapa (Rapifera Group) |
39 |
130 |
| Turnip Greens | Brassica rapa (Rapifera Group) |
104 |
55 |
| Watercress | Nasturtium officinale |
40 |
34 |
Benefits of ANUPAM Feeds
01. Rabbits prefer to feed that is sweet and contain an intake of molasses. Feed Mesh of ANUPAM are characterized by the high quality of feed in Mesh Form which contain natural materials mixed in a homogenous manner, since rabbits prefer powder feed to pellet feed when given the choice.
02. Feed pellets do not give the rabbit the freedom to select types at the expense over other types as in the case of mixtures of grains which effectively contributes to satisfy the following nutritional needs:
Protein: that is necessary for bodybuilding, growth and production and one of its sources (Pulses).
Carbohydrates and Fibers: The carbohydrates are the main source of energy in the feed grains (corn, barley and etc). Also, fibers are very important which is available mainly in grains to improve the digestion efficiency.
Fat: which provide the body with energy especially the mothers, during the first period of lactation as well as the periods of fattening during the final stages.
Vitamins and Mineral Premixes: vitamins are important elements that play a key role especially for the lactating mother, pregnant female rabbits and increase of fertility of males as well as regulating the vital processes of the body. They are added if necessary in predetermined quantities, the most important vitamins are (A, D, H, K, and C). Mineral salts are (calcium, phosphorous, potassium, magnesium, iodine) in addition to the sodium chloride, which is very important to increase the productive efficiency of growth and formation of bones. They play a major role in the assimilation of feed, increase the resistance of rabbits to stress & temperature changes, & diseases and this is what HAF provided in its feed.
For rabbits to stay healthy and keep it high productivity, they need enough amounts of mineral salts and little amounts of vitamins. All these ingredients are available in ANUPAM RABBIT FEED MESH, they are important for a healthy bodily functions. When rabbits decrease their consumption of these feeds, they show illness symptoms. The aim of taking these feeds is to avoid symptoms of the lack of these ingredients.
Calcium and Magnesium:
Calcium is the major component of bones, together with phosphorus in the proportion 1:2. Calcium is of the major biological factors in muscle movements in its three types; corporal, cardiac or pliable. It is also important in neurological cells and in transferring the neurological messages. It also helps the Magnesium in issuing the neurological signals. So, the balance between Calcium and Magnesium levels is very important to maintain the efficiency of the neurological and muscle signals.
The major store for Magnesium in the body is the bones. It plays a vital role in food assimilation.. as for phosphorus, most of it (80%)can be found united with Calcium in the bones. It plays a vital role in transferring energy. Vitamin D participates in preserving the levels of Calcium and Magnesium in the body. The average of this mineral being absorbed by the intestinal canals depends on vitamin D.
The rabbits need of Calcium and Magnesium during their growing stages are greater than those of the fully grown rabbit. The Calcium and Phosphorus are added to the bones of growing rabbits when the level of those two minerals in their blood is high enough. The needs of a lactating rabbit are even higher than those of a growing rabbit.
Nutritional Needs:
Nutritional needs of rabbits depend on age, weight and the productive state of that rabbit. Therefore, when preparing a rabbit feed, the age, weight and productive state should be known:
1- Keeper Needs:
These are the energy and protein needs of a rabbit in state of total rest and not performing any effort. keeper’s needs depend on their weight; for a 3kg rabbit, the protein needs are 14 gm of digested protein.
2-Growth Needs:
These are the energy and protein needs of a rabbit during the growth period. It increases with growth and weight increase. At the age of 3 months, for example, the rabbit weight is three times its weaning date weight. The needs for protein depend on age and the type of protein and necessary amino acids available in the feed pallets. As for fiber, it should not be less than 12%.
3-Pregnancy needs:
These needs increase gradually during the period of pregnancy, so that the mother may not get fat. Pregnant rabbits are offered a high energy pellet with special protein and amino acids ingredients.
4-Lactation Needs:
The nutritional needs of a lactating rabbit increases gradually in its energy and protein contents to cover its special needs.
5-Male Needs:
Males need around 1.5-1 of a keeper need from energy and protein.
ANUPAM Standard Rabbit Feed Mash
| Product | Protein percentage | Fiber percentage |
| R-0218 | 18% | 16% |
| R-0415 | 15% | 18% |
01. Pregnant Rabbits: (around 30-31days)
(R-0318) feed amount around 180-200 gm/day
02. Lactating Rabbits:
(R-0919) feed amount around:
Week one = 220-250 gm/day
Week two + three = 250gm/day
Week four = 350-450 gm/day
03. Fattening Stage One: (age 1month-2months)
(R-0218) feed amount around 100-120 gm/day
04. Fattening Stage Two : (age 2months-2.5months)
(R-0716) feed amount around 120-150 gm/day
Feed Changing Method:
Since rabbits are very sensitive to feed change, it is important to move from one type of pellet to another gradually. Sudden change is very harmful; it may lead to digestive problems and diarrhea.
The best method is to start the new pellet in little amounts increased gradually on the expense of the old pellet, until change is complete within a week when the new pellet is introduced in full.
The connection between heat and humidity and its effect on rabbit nutrition:
When rabbits are subjected to high temperature, it tries to use different ways to overcome as much as possible the added temperature (like rapid breathing and laying flat on the cage floors). If it does not succeed, a chain of changes take place in the behavior and physiology of the rabbit. These include less feed consumption, low food transformation, imbalance in food assimilation in blood. When the temperature rises above 35 degrees centigrade, the rabbit cannot manage to regulate its body temperature, and a number of biological changes take place as a result of heat stress.
The temperature of the animal environment is closely related to relative humidity. Humidity is considered more important, as the effect of heat increases with high humidity level. From all the above, it is clear now, that an animal’s biological functions are affected by heat and relative humidity, and this ultimately affects the productivity of the animal.